ABSTRACT
La hipomelanosis macular progresiva es un trastorno adquirido de la pigmentación que aparece con más frecuencia en mujeres, adolescentes y adultas jóvenes. Se caracteriza por máculas hipopigmentadas asintomáticas, mal delimitadas, no descamativas, simétricas y de predominio en región lumbar. El estudio histopatológico evidencia disminución del contenido de melanina en la epidermis afectada, con número y distribución de los melanocitos conservados. En su etiopatogenia interviene el Cutibacterium acnes tipo III, bacteria responsable de la característica fluorescencia rojiza de distribución folicular que se observa con la lámpara de Wood. Por este motivo, los tratamientos propuestos incluyen el uso de tetraciclinas por vía oral y tratamientos tópicos como el peróxido de benzoílo, asociados a fototerapia UVA o UVB de banda angosta. Se presenta una paciente con hipomelanosis macular progresiva del tronco que respondió satisfactoriamente al tratamiento con doxiciclina vía oral
Progressive macular hypomelanosis is an acquired pigmentation disorder that occurs mostly in adolescent and young women. It is characterized by asymptomatic, poorly defined, non-scaly, symmetrical hypopigmented macules localized predominantly in the lumbar area. Histopathology shows a decrease in melanin content with preserved number and distribution of melanocytes in the affected epidermis. Cutibacterium acnes type III appears to be the responsible for the dermatosis and for the characteristic reddish fluorescence of follicular distribution observed with Wood´s lamp. Treatment include oral tetracyclines and topical benzoyl peroxide associated with UVA or narrow band UVB phototherapy. We present a patient with progressive macular hypomelanosis of the trunk with excellent response to treatment with oral doxycycline
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Phototherapy , Tetracycline/therapeutic use , Administration, Oral , Hypopigmentation/therapy , Doxycycline/therapeutic use , Diagnosis, Differential , Melanosis/therapyABSTRACT
La hipomelanosis macular progresiva (HMP) es una dermatosis caracterizada por máculas hipopigmentadas, que se observa con mayor frecuencia en las mujeres y en los fototipos III y IV. Se ha asociado a Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) de tipo III como factor etiológico. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 30 años, con máculas hipopigmentadas redondeadas en el tronco y la raíz de los miembros inferiores, de 10 años de evolución. El estudio histológico informó disminución del número de melanocitos y de pigmento melánico en la capa basal e infiltrado inflamatorio mononuclear perivascular superficial. Se indicó minociclina 100 mg/día por vía oral durante 8 meses, tras lo cual se observó la resolución total de las lesiones.
Progressive macular hypomelanosis (PMH) is a dermatosis characterized by hypopigmented macules, most frequently found in females and in phototypes III and IV. Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) type III has been associated as an etiological factor. We present the case of a thirty-year-old female patient with a 10-year history of nummular hypopigmented macules located on the top of the lower limbs and on the trunk. The histological study reported a decrease in the number of melanocytes and melanotic pigment in the basal layer and the presence of superficial perivascular mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate. After an 8-month regimen of oral minocycline 100 mg/day, there was a complete resolution of the lesions.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Melanosis/drug therapy , Minocycline/pharmacology , Skin Diseases , Melanosis/diagnosis , Minocycline/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Resumen La doxiciclina, una tetraciclina semisintética de segunda generación, ampliamente usada para el tratamiento de patologías dermatológicas por sus propiedades antimicrobianas, ha demostrado en varios estudios experimentales sus acciones como un potente fármaco antiinflamatorio, aprobado por estas características por la FDA como una terapia complementaria en la periodontitis del adulto, así como en el tratamiento de la forma papulopustulosa de la rosácea. Se describen además en la literatura otras indicaciones para procesos inflamatorios, tales como, calcinosis cutis, vasculitis livedoide, patologías ampollares, entre otras. Se presenta una serie de 10 pacientes con lipodermatoesclerosis que presentaron una respuesta eficaz a su patología al recibir tratamiento con doxiciclina durante 3 meses, destacando de esta forma su eficacia terapéutica, accesibilidad y baja asociación a efectos adversos.
Abstract Doxycycline, a second generation semi-synthetic tetracycline, widely used for the treatment of dermatological diseases for its antimicrobial effects, has shown in many clinical studies its actions as a powerful anti-inflammatory drug. Approved by the FDA as a complementary therapy in adult periodontitis, and of the papulopustular form of rosacea. In addition, other indications for inflammatory processes are described in the literature, such as calcinosis cutis, livedoid vasculitis, blistering pathologies, among others. We present a series of 10 patients with lipodermatosclerosis who presented an effective response to their pathology when receiving treatment with doxycycline for 3 months. Its therapeutic efficacy, accessibility and low association with adverse effects are highlighted.
ABSTRACT
La instrumentación mecánica durante el tratamiento periodontal trae consigo la formación de escombros microcristalinos que inhiben la adhesión tisular a la superfi cie radicular y favorece la proliferación bacteriana, lo cual perjudica los resultados del tratamiento periodontal a corto y largo plazo. Hoy en día el acondicionamiento radicular con el uso de biomodifi cadores es una opción de tratamiento adicional en el tratamiento de la periodontitis y el tratamiento de cobertura radicular. El objetivo del presente estudio es realizar una revisión de la literatura acerca de las aplicaciones y del acondicionamiento radicular con ácido cítrico, tetraciclina, EDTA y láser en el tratamiento periodontal no quirúrgico y quirúrgico (AU)
Mechanical instrumentation during periodontal treatment brings the formation of microcrystalline debris that inhibits tissue adhesion to the root surface and favors bacterial proliferation, which harms the results of the short and long term periodontal treatment. Nowadays, root conditioning with the use of biomodifi cators is an additional treatment option in the treatment of periodontitis and root coverage therapy. The aim of the present study is to conduct a literature review about the applications and the root conditioning with citric acid, tetracycline, EDTA and laser in the non surgical and surgical periodontal treatment (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Periodontal Diseases/surgery , Periodontal Diseases/therapy , Tooth Root/drug effects , Tetracyclines , Dental Scaling , Root Planing , Edetic Acid , Citric Acid , Laser TherapyABSTRACT
The study was carried out to screen and analyze the genetic characteristics of antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter spp. from poultry sources. A total of 141 strains of Campylobacter isolated from samples of broilers of slaughterhouses in southern Brazil was identified by phenotypic and genotypic methods. Campylobacter isolates were evaluated for its antimicrobial susceptibility and the presence of resistance genes. The strains were investigated for antimicrobial susceptibility against two agents (ampicillin and tetracycline) by disk diffusion method. PCR assay was used to confirm the specie and the presence of ampicillin (blaOXA-61), tetracycline tet(O), and the energy-dependent multi-drug efflux pump (cmeB) genes. Campylobacter jejuni was the most ubiquitous; its presence was determined in 140 samples out of 141 (99.3%), whereas Campylobacter coli was found only in one of the contaminated samples (0.70%). The results obtained showed 65% and 35.5% of Campylobacter isolates resistant to β-lactams and tetracyclines, respectively. The cmeB gene responsible for multidrug resistance was detected in 26 isolates out 141 strains (18.5%). Moreover, 36 out of 141 Campylobacter strains (25.6%) were found to be resistant to at least two different antimicrobia resistance markers (β-lactams and tetracyclines)...
O presente estudo foi realizado para examinar e analisar as características genéticas de resistência antimicrobiana de Campylobacter spp. a partir de fontes avícolas. Um total de 141 amostras de Campylobacter isolados em matadouros-frigoríficos de aves do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, foi identificado por métodos fenotípicos e genotípicos. Foi analisada a susceptibilidade antimicrobiana e a presença de genes de resistência. As cepas foram testadas para detectar sensibilidade frente a dois antimicrobianos (ampicilina e tetraciclina) pelo método de difusão em disco. A seguir, usando a reação em cadeia da polimerase foi confirmada a espécie e a presença dos genes de resistência à ampicilina (blaOXA-61) e tetraciclina tet(O), assim como a detecção da bomba de efluxo (cmeB). Campylobacter jejuni foi a espécie mais isolada, sua presença foi determinada em 140 amostras (99,3%), e Campylobacter coli foi encontrada em uma única amostra (0,70%). Os resultados obtidos mostraram 65% e 35,5% de Campylobacter isolados resistentes a β-lactâmicos e tetraciclinas, respectivamente. O gene cmeB responsável pela resistência a múltiplos antimicrobianos foi detectado em 26 amostras (18,5%). Neste contexto, 36 das 141 amostras (25,6%) foram consideradas resistentes a dois grupos diferentes de antimicrobianos (β-lactâmicos e tetraciclinas)...
Subject(s)
Animals , Campylobacter/pathogenicity , Galliformes/microbiology , Tetracycline/administration & dosage , beta-Lactams/administration & dosage , Abattoirs , Drug Resistance , Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinaryABSTRACT
El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la presencia de residuos de oxitetraciclina (OTC) en 149 muestras de músculo diafragmático de bovinos de carne, en una planta de sacrificio comercial en Antioquia (Colombia). Las muestras fueron procesadas y purificadas mediante un sistema de extracción en fase sólida. La detección de OTC se realizó usando cromatografía líquida de alta eficiencia (HPLC), se usó como referencia el Límite Máximo de Residuos (LMR) de la Unión Europea (LMR > 100 ppb). El 49% de las muestras (n = 73) presentaron residuos de OTC; el 8% (n = 12) de las muestras contenían cantidades de OCT superiores al LMR. La edad, la raza y la procedencia no estuvieron asociadas con la presencia de residuos de oxitetraciclina (p > 0,05). Las hembras presentaron una prevalencia más alta de residuos que los machos (p = 0,06). Se concluye que a pesar de que la prevalencia de residuos de OTC en la carne bovina evaluada fue baja, es evidente que se debe fortalecer la implementación de buenas prácticas ganaderas, un sistema de vigilancia epidemiológica y programas de entrenamiento para profesionales, ganaderos y personal responsable de los animales, a fin de garantizar un alimento inocuo al consumidor.
The aim of this study was to determine the presence of oxytetracycline (OTC) residues in 149 samples of diaphragm muscle of beef cattle, in a commercial slaughterhouse in Antioquia (Colombia). The samples were processed and purified through solid phase extraction. OTC detection was performed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the Maximum Residue Limits (MRL) of the European Union was used as reference (MRL > 100 ppb). Forty-nine percent of the samples (n = 73) presented OTC residues, 8% (n = 12) of samples contained amounts of OTC beyond the MRL. Age, breed and origin were not associated with the presence of oxytetracycline residues (p > 0.05). Prevalence of residues is higher among female than male (p = 0.06). It is concluded that although the prevalence of OTC residues in bovine meat evaluated was low, it is clear that the implementation of good farming practices, a system of epidemiological surveillance and training programs for professionals, livestock producers, and staff responsible for the animals should be strengthened, in order to guarantee safe food to consumers.
Subject(s)
Humans , Livestock , Oxytetracycline , Abattoirs , MusclesABSTRACT
The frequent occurrence of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment requires an assessment of their environmental impact and their negative effects in humans. Among the drugs with high harmful potential to the environment are the antibiotics that reach the environment not only, as may be expected, through the effluents from chemical and pharmaceutical industries, but mainly through the sewage and livestock; because around 25 to 75% of the ingested drugs are excreted in unchanged form after the passage through the Gastro-Intestinal Tract. Tetracycline has high world consumption, representing a human consumption of about 23 kg/day in Brazil in 2007. At the moment, researches are being made to develop new tetracycline that incorporate heavy metals (Hg, Cd, Re, Pt, Pd) to their structures in order to increase their bactericidal effect. The conventional wastewater treatment plants are not able to degrade complex organic molecules to reduce their toxicity and improve their biodegradability. For this reason new technologies, i.e., the advanced oxidation processes, are being developed to handle this demand. The objectives of this study are to review the literature on the processes of obtaining tetracycline, presenting its waste treatment methods and evaluation of their environmental impact.
A ocorrência frequente de fármacos no meio aquático exige a avaliação do seu impacto ambiental e seus efeitos negativos em seres humanos. Dentre os fármacos com maior potencial de impacto ambiental estão os antibióticos, que chegam ao meio ambiente através dos efluentes de indústrias químico-farmacêuticas e, principalmente, através de esgotos domésticos e criação de animais, visto que 25% a 75% dos fármacos são excretados em forma inalterada após passagem pelo Trato Gastrointestinal. Parcela significativa do consumo mundial dos antibióticos corresponde à classe das tetraciclinas, representando consumo humano de 23 kg/dia no Brasil, em 2007. Atualmente, há pesquisas de novas tetraciclinas que incorporam metais pesados (Hg, Cd, Re, Pt, Pd) às suas estruturas com o intuito de aumentar suas atividades bactericidas. As estações de tratamento de águas residuais convencionais não são capazes de degradar moléculas orgânicas complexas, diminuir a sua toxicidade e melhorar a sua biodegradabilidade. Por esta razão, as novas tecnologias, como, por exemplo, os processos oxidativos avançados, estão sendo desenvolvidos para lidar com esta demanda. Os objetivos deste trabalho são fazer uma revisão da literatura sobre os processos de obtenção de tetraciclinas, apresentar métodos de tratamento de seus resíduos e avaliar o seu impacto ambiental.
Subject(s)
Humans , Tetracyclines/analysis , /analysis , /analysis , Industrial Effluents/prevention & control , Environmental Pollution/adverse effectsABSTRACT
El manejo de los pacientes con tinciones por tetraciclinas es un manejo complejo, según el grado de tinción que presenta cada paciente. En la atención clínica, se pueden presentar este tipo de situación y está en el profesional preparado para manejar adecuadamente estos casos. Se han descrito en la literatura varios tipos de alternativas de tratamiento, según la complejidad del caso. En el presente artículo se presenta una alternativa de tratamiento en la resolución de un caso clínico. El objetivo fue mejorar la estética de las piezas dentarias, realizando un procedimiento de blanqueamiento dental con cubetas. Los resultados fueron satisfactorios para el paciente, ya que en general se puede atenuar bastante las tinciones, volviendo al paciente la estética en su sonrisa. Se puede concluir que el manejo adecuado de los geles de blanqueamiento ofrece una alternativa eficaz en la resolución de este tipo de casos.
The management of patients with stains by tetracycline is complicated depending on the degree of stain that each patient presents when attending These situations may occur and the professional should be properly prepared to handle these cases. Several kinds of alternatives of treatment depending on the complexity of the case have been described in the literature. This article presents an option to treatment in a clinical case. The objective was to improve the teeth esthetic performing about a procedure of dental bleaching with buckets. The results were satisfactory for the patient because the stains were quite mitigated and this gave the patient an esthetic smile. It can be concluded that the proper handling of whitening or bleaching gels offer an effective alternative in the resolution of such cases.
ABSTRACT
As tetraciclinas são um grupo de antimicrobianos amplamente utilizados no tratamento e prevenção de doenças infecciosas em gado leiteiro no Brasil, porém, o uso incorreto e o não cumprimento do período de carência podem resultar em resíduos destes medicamentos no leite. A presença de resíduos no leite pode causar o desenvolvimento de reações alérgicas nos consumidores desses produtos, resistência em bactérias e prejuízos na produção de produtos lácteos fermentados. Com a finalidade de fornecer informações a respeito dos métodos empregados na determinação de tetraciclinas em leite, foi realizada uma revisão das metodologias analíticas relatadas na literatura científica. Neste estudo foram abordadas as metodologias cromatográficas e de eletroforese capilar, que são comumente utilizadas.
Subject(s)
Bacteria , Chromatography , Electrophoresis, Capillary , Milk , Waste Products , TetracyclinesABSTRACT
La rosácea es una patología crónica, recurrente, que compromete principalmente la piel de la cara y con mucha frecuencia incluye compromiso ocular. Es más prevalente en mujeres de tez blanca entre los 40 y 60 años. Se caracteriza por lesiones similares al acné pero sin comedones. Las manifestaciones oftalmológicas incluyen blefaroconjuntivitis y queratitis, las cuales pueden preceder a las manifestaciones cutáneas y con frecuencia no son diagnosticadas adecuadamente. Se han encontrado dentro de los desencadenantes de las lesiones, la exposición a cambios de temperatura, alcohol, estrés, entre otros. El tratamiento se basa en medidas generales como evitar desencadenantes, la fotoprotección y la limpieza correcta; además medicamentos tópicos y sistémicos, especialmente las tetraciclinas, y el láser o la cirugía en casos severos. El presente artículo pretende dar información acerca de los hallazgos dermatooftalmológicos y el enfoque de manejo.